Endocrine Abstracts

Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG) is known to be a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis and hypertension. Although the association between insulin resistance (IR) and HTG has long been recognized, the causal relationship between them has not been elucidated yet. Proper understanding of the effect of IR on HTG may better start with the realization that IR implies much more than mere impairment of glucose uptake in tissues. Given that the role of insulin is ...

Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is formed from the addition of a glucose residue to the N terminus of the Beta chain of a hemoglobin molecule via a non-enzymatic glycation pathway. Its levels correlate with the ambient plasma glucose concentration. The 120-day life span of red blood cells makes HbA1c a useful tool to approximate the diabetic control of patients over three to four months. It has also been found to be an accurate predictor of the microvascular and macrovascular complicat...

Before releasing of SGLT-2 inhibitor, triple combination of metformin, DPP-4 inhibitor and TZD except sulfonylurea was commonly used in our center because it could be best option for delaying progression of diabetes by improving both insulin resistance and secretory dysfunction. SGLT-2 inhibitor is commonly used and recommended as initial combination with metformin in most guidelines because of cardiovascular risk and weight reduction, but theoretically add on to above combina...

Pasireotide long-acting release (LAR) is a multireceptor-targeted somatostatin receptor ligand approved for treatment of patients with acromegaly. In some clinical reports, pasireotide LAR has been shown to regulate biochemical outcomes more than other somatostatin receptor ligands. However, hyperglycemia was frequently observed in pasireotide LAR treated patients with acromegaly. Three patients were treated with pasireotide LAR to regulated biochemical parameters of acromegal...

The classical paradigm of lactotroph prolactin production and release is based around tonic inhibition by hypothalamic dopamine and stimulation by factors such as estrogen. We have recently shown that conditional ablation of pituitary androgen receptor (Foxg1-Cre ARKO) surprisingly does not change the concentration of circulating gonadotrophins but increases circulating prolactin in male mice; highlighting androgen signalling as a novel negative regulator of prolactin producti...

Background: Myocardial infarction is a common type of ischemic heart disease, which is the leading cause of disease-related death worldwide. In the ischemic heart, cardiac damage is initiated by a diminished blood supply, and swift restoration of blood supply is imperative to minimize cardiac injury. However, reperfusion itself can induce additional injury in the form of cardiac dysfunction, reperfusion arrhythmia, and by exacerbating myocardial infarction.<p class="abstex...

Introduction: Tc99m-Sestamibi+I-123 subtraction using planar and SPECT-CT is commonly used to investigate PHPT. Our centre previously published sensitivity and specificity of 92 and 86% respectively for Tc99m-Sestamibi+I-123 subtraction. Five false-negative studies required neck exploratory surgery. One false-positive study incorrectly localised a PA which was not found in surgery (n=67). In recent years 4D-CT parathyroid has emerged as a useful technique to detect an...

A 60-year-old lady was referred with male pattern hair loss and facial hirsutism of 5–7 years duration. She was otherwise well and had two children in their 30s. She was not taking any medication and reported a normal menstrual cycle prior to menopause at the age of 50.Her androgen profile showed a high testosterone level of 6.1 nmol/l (range <2.5), androstenedione 3.8 nmol/l (0.7–3.8), DHEAS 5.7 μm/l (0.80–4.9), SHBG 33 nmol/l, F...

Cigarette smoke (CS) is well known to be very harmful to human body functions such as fertility, reproduction, and development. To elucidate the effect of CS on women’s fertility more definitely, we examined the histophaological characteristics of the uterus and ovary samples received from Korean Conformity Laboratories (KCL), which were obtained from the female rats exposed to the different amounts (low, medium, and high concentrations) of smoke of the standard cigarette...

Triclosan (TCS) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical and has a potential to increase progression of hormone responsive cancers as does 17β-estradiol (E2). 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM), a phytoestrogen, has been known to have anticancer activity. In this study, we examined the anti-proliferative and anti-epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) effects of DIM on TCS or E2-induced EMT of MCF-7 breast cancer cells, which express estrogen receptors (E...